θέσις

θέσις, εως, ἡ, ([etym.] τίθημι)

A setting, placing, ἐπέων θ. setting of words in verse, Pi.O.3.8;

πλίνθων καὶ λίθων Pl.R.333b

, cf. IG7.3073.33 (Lebad.); θ. νόμων lawgiving, X.Ath.3.2, Pl.Lg.690d: in pl.,

νόμων θέσεις D.18.309

, Arist.Pol.1289a22; θ. ὀνόματος giving of a name, Pl.Cra.390d; ἐπί τινος application of word to object, Demetr.Eloc. 145; θ. ἀγώνων institution of games, D.S.4.53; ordinance, disposition, S.Ichn.277 (only here in Trag.); setting forth in legal form,

ἀσφαλειῶν POxy.1027.12

(i A.D.).

II laying down, ὅπλων, opp. ἀναίρεσις, Pl.Lg.814a; of diggers, plunging of the spade, opp. ἄρσις, Gp.2.45.5.

2 deposit of money, preparatory to a law-suit, Ar.Nu.1191 (pl.): generally, sum deposited in a temple, Inscr.Délos 365.14 (iii B.C.), IG12(3).322 (pl., Thera).

3 pledging, giving as security, D.33.12, Lys.8.10.

4 payment,

τελῶν Pl.R.425d

(pl.).

III adoption of a child,

κατὰ θέσιν υἱωνός Plb.18.35.9

, cf. Ph.2.36, Philostr. VA6.11;

Κρινοτέλην Πινδάρου, θέσει δὲ Φιλοξένου IG12(3).274

([place name] Anaphe), cf. 12(7).50 ([place name] Amorgos); adoption as a citizen of a foreign state, Ἁλεξανδρεὺς θέσει, Ἁθηναῖος θ. (opp. φύσει), Suid. s.v. Ἀρίσταρχος, Ἀριστοφάνης Πόδιος.

IV situation, of a city, Hp.Aër.6;

πόλις αὐτάρκη θ. κειμένη Th.1.37

, cf. 5.7;

ἡ θ. τῆς χώρας πρὸς τὰ πνεύματα Thphr.CP3.23.5

; τόπων θ. Plb.1.41.7: Astron.,

θ. τῶν ἄστρων Herm. in Phdr.p.149A.

; position, arrangement,

λεγομένων καὶ γραφομένων Pl.Tht.206a

;

τῶν μερῶν θέσεις Id.Lg.668e

, cf. Epicur.Ep.1p.11U., Fr.30 (pl.).

2 Math., local position, Arist.GC322b33; ἔχειν θ. Id.APo.88a34; θ. ἔχειν πρὸς ἄλληλα to have a local relation, Id.Cat.4b21, cf. Pl.R.586c;

τῇ θ. μέσον Arist.APr.25b36

: Geom., θέσει δεδόσθαι or εἶναι, to be given in position, Archim.Sph.Cyl.2.3, Euc.Dat.4, Apollon.Perg.Con.2.46, al.; παρὰ θέσει parallel to a straight line given in position, [Euc.]Dat.Def.15; εἰς δύο θέσεις τὰς AB, AT to meet the two straight lines AB, AT given in position, Hero Metr.3.10;

κατὰ τὴν θ. τὴν πρὸς ἡμᾶς Arist.Ph.208b23

, etc.; οὐ τῇ θ. διαφέροντα μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῇ δυνάμει ib.22; so in Music, of notes in a scale, κατὰ θέσιν, opp. κατὰ δύναμιν, Ptol.Harm.2.5.

V Philos., thesis, position, assumed and requiring proof, Pl.R.335a, Arist.Top.104b19, APo.72a15; θέσιν διαφυλάττειν to maintain a thesis, Id.EN1096a2; κινεῖν to controvert it, Plu.2.687b, cf. 328a, etc.

2 general question, opp. ὑπόθεσις (special case), Aphth.Prog.13, Theon Prog.12, cf. Cic.Top.21.79, Quint.3.5.5 (but θ. includes ὑπόθεσις and ὁρισμός, Phlp.in APo.35.1; opp. ἀξίωμα, ib.34.9).

3 arbitrary determination, esp. in dat.

θέσει, τὰ ὀνόματα μὴ θ. γενέσθαι Epicur.Ep. 1p.27U.

; opp. φύσει, Chrysipp.Stoic.3.76, Str.2.3.7, etc.; τὰ θ. δίκαια, νόμιμα, Ph.1.50, 112; σημαίνειν θ. S.E.P.2.256.

4 affirmation, opp. ἄρσις, ib.1.192, cf. 2.244, Plot.5.5.6, etc.

VI a setting down, opp. ἄρσις (lifting),

πᾶσα πορεία ἐξ ἄρσεως καὶ θέσεως συντελεῖται Arist.Pr.885b6

: hence, in rhythm, downward beat, opp. the upward ([etym.] ἄρσις), Aristid.Quint.1.13, Bacch.Harm.98, etc.

VII in prosody, θέσει μακρὰ συλλαβή long by position, opp. φύσει, D.T.632.30, Heph. 1.3: orig. prob. in signf. v.3, cf. Sch.D.T.p.206H.

2 θέσεις, αἱ, in punctuation, stops, Donat.in Gramm.Lat.4.372 K.

VIII part of a horse's hoof,

ἡ θ. τοῦ ποδός Hippiatr.82

.